The sustainability of Space connectivity explains the way to open new routes for the Internet thanks to the cyber science of connectivity and the technologies on the ground using the features of the Space economy. The last step of the connectivity booming works by satellites cheaper and launch in Space faster than before. The effects concern the industries like Starlink and others incoming on the market. It creates the services available for the ground with a potential of business for sustainable networks.
The core system of the Space economy is the connectivity and the capacity to manage it through many techniques from cyber science in a sustainable direction. The specific way of this connectivity is from the networks based on the resources from Space not only from the ground. This can change the game considering that the energy and the facilities can be designed and built according to other perspectives. These are related to passive houses and the capacity to optimize the potential and the position of each material.
The Internet by Space is going to enlarge the services used on any devices on the ground. The new routes from Space include the data center's work, the signal management between the ground and Space segment, and the data dissemination for users. This opens territory never connected before allowing the potential exchange and services applied for people. It already happened for GNSS services and the gateway between each constellation like Galileo, EGNOS, GLONASS, and BEIDU. It covers a “shadow zone” not taken into account by the wide swath opening the signal through the volume of assets from Space. The capacity to exploit the low orbit and very low instead of the unique geostationary orbit reduces the time on milliseconds under the acceptable level for the connectivity.
The effects on the ground mean understanding the changes in managing the networks, the data centers, and the devices. Instead of cables and classic infrastructures to re-forward the signal, a Space economy based on the Internet by low orbit adapts the ground segment for the sustainability of the connectivity. The “shadow zone” and hostile area become the potential of life with the methods of sustainability. That’s why, some cities emerge from the desert with specific facilities requirements. For example, the energy from solar panels produces enough electricity on the ground for data centers for high-processing computing. The Moro Hub built the largest data center able to produce 100 MW from solar power.
The sustainability of Space connectivity will require other features in this new economy like an aerospace port close to an airport or a specific Spaceport on the ground or on offshore for the maintenance of the satellites. The purpose is to launch a satellite into orbit for maintenance and to manage the hardening of the satellites in low orbits against the threats in Space and from the ground. By the Space connectivity, the territory management is reinforced and the requirements to apply this methodology need to think of the networking as S-WAN and not only for emergency or specific
missions.